Saying too Little and Saying too Much
نویسندگان
چکیده
You are going to Paul’s party tonight. You have a long day of work ahead of you before that, but you can’t wait to get there. Your annoying friend comes up to you and says, ‘Hi! Oh, are you going to Paul’s party tonight? I don’t think I’ll go. Unless your going?’ You reply, ‘I have to work.’ There are lies and then there are misleading utterances that are not lies. You did not lie to your friend, although you were being misleading. This difference has been the center of much attention mainly in two areas of philosophy. First, there have been attempts from within philosophy of language to characterize the difference between lies and merely misleading utterances qua speech acts.1 Second, there is a longstanding debate over the moral significance of the difference, and in particular over to what extent lying is always morally worse than merely misleading.2 So there are mainly two questions that philosophers have been interested in regarding the lying-misleading distinction, namely
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